Increase of industrial and household wastes volume raises specific problems, by occupying important areas and for human and animal health too. In addition to the operating landfills for industrial wastes in Romania, there are sites which are no longer used: closed sites or the economic operators to which they belong no longer exist. In most of the cases the closure has not been made in accordance with European directives in force, these sites being declared “contaminated sites”.
These sites raise problems due to their uncertain legal situation determined mainly by the following aspects:
-Some industrial waste landfills formerly belonging to industrial operators with the main shareholder being the State. These operators do not longer exist.;
-Some landfills reaching the end of their operating life have been used by operators that were privatized and the obligations related to these landfills were not transferred to the new owner;
-The landfill was abandoned and/or the owner went bankrupt.
The specific problem of large landfills containing different types of wastes raise problems due to their uncertain legal situation, the aim of their management is:
- To comply with the procedures of an environmental management system in order to ensure the protection of the environment and the safety of residents,
- To encourage recycling and the recovery of secondary raw materials,
- Carrying out upstream studies (characterization of products and search for storage sites) and downstream ones (reduction at source, responsibility for design and remediation, optimization of recycling)
- Characterization of solid and liquid wastes and sludge,
- Search for alternative storage solutions.
